Anathece sp.
Key to families
1. Cells solitary or in mucilaginous colonies, arranged either irregularly or generally oriented in one direction, sometimes forming pseudofilamentous rows, cell division in one plane in successive generations ... Synechococcaceae (Genera included in this volume: Anathece, Aphanothece, Bacularia, Cyanobacterium, Cyanocatena, Cyanodictyon,Cyanogranis, Cyanonephron, Cyanothece, Epigloeosphaera, Gloeothece, Johannesbaptistia, Lemmermanniella,Myxobaktron, Radiocystis, Rhabdoderma, Rhabdogloea, Synechococcus, Wolskyella)
Key to genera
1. Cells solitary, rarely aggregated into groups ...............................................................................................................2
- Cells forming various colonial aggregations .............................................................................................................. 3
2. Cells with lengthwise striated contents................................................................................................Cyanobacterium
- Cells with reticulate contents ......................................................................................................................Cyanothece
3. Cells in microscopic mucilaginous irregular colonies, at least partly in rows ............................................................4
- Cells within or on the surface of irregularly spherical colonies or in amorphous gelatinous colonies; not in rows....5
4. Colonies spherical or slightly elongated, with cells clustered in the centre and in short radiating rows at the colony periphery................................ Radiocystis
- Colonies irregularly-reticulate, composed of mucilaginous pseudofilamentous strands; cells not in radiating rows .............................Cyanodictyon
5. Colonies containing small, conspicuous and variously shaped ferric precipitates, cells spherical or widely oval..... 6
- Colonies without ferric precipitates, cells oval or rod-shaped, colonies generally amorphous, cells oval or rod-shaped ..............................................7
6. Colonies irregularly spherical, loosely arranged within common mucilage, prominent granular ferric precipitates either within the centre of or on the colony surface...................................................................................Cyanogranis
- Colonies irregular with small ferric precipitates appearing as black ring-like or dot-like granules between adjacent cells or on the surface of cells....................................................................................................................Cyanocatena
7. Colonies with cells irregularly distributed throughout................................................................................................ 8
- Colonies with cells stratified or arranged in different densities in various parts of the colony (i.e. at or near the surface) ............................................. 9
8. Cells irregularly arranged in colonies, without their own mucilaginous envelopes..................................Aphanothece
- Cells irregularly arranged in colonies, each with their own mucilaginous envelope, usually lamellate and often coloured ...........................................Gloeothece
9. Cells situated on or near the surface of gelatinous colonies.......................................................................................10
- Cells situated on the ends of a system of pseudodichotomously branched mucilaginous stalks radiating from the centre of the colony ..................Cyanonephron
10. Cells situated on the surface of irregularly spherical to elongated cylindrical to simply divicariate ............................................................ ................Epigloeosphaera
- Cells situated in one layer under the surface of irregularly spherical colonies.................................Lemmermanniella
Key to species
1. Colonies microscopic, irregular with colourless, homogeneous, diffluent mucilage; cells without their own mucilaginous envelopes, usually small (circa 1 μm wide); planktonic (subg. Anathece).........................................................2
- Colonies microscopic, later macroscopic, mucilage often coloured at the margins; cells rod-shaped, cylindrical with rounded ends or oval to widely oval, occasionally with their own mucilaginous sheaths near the colony surface, usually > 1 μm wide; mainly benthic, epipelic, metaphytic or aerophytic, only secondarily planktonic (subg. Aphanothece) ..............................................................................................................................................................5
2. Cells widely oval to short cylindrical, cell length:width ratio generally < 2:1 ............................................................3
- Cells rod-shaped, cell length:width ratio generally > 2:1.............................................................................................4
3. Colonies irregularly spherical to elongated, occasionally clathrate, with irregularly and densely arranged cells; cells short cylindrical with rounded ends, 1.5–2.0 (–2.5) μm × 0.8–1.1 (–1.5) μm .......................................A. minutissima
- Colonies composed of numerous densely packed sub-colonies of 4–8 (16) loosely distributed cells; cells spherical, sub-spherical to short cylindrical with rounded ends (0.7–) 1.0–1.2 (–1.5) μm × 1.0–1.2 μm ....A. pseudoglebulenta
4. Colonies initially irregularly spherical, later irregular, elongate, relatively flattened and commonly perforate; cells 1.0–3.0 μm × 0.8–1.3 μm.............................................................................................................................A. clathrata
- Colonies spherical to ellipsoidal with cells evenly distributed in a common mucilage; cells 1.8–3.5 μm × 1.1–1.5 μm
.........................................................................................................................................................................
A. smithii
5. Cells width generally < 3 μm ......................................................................................................................................6
- Cells width generally > 3 μm...................................................................................................................................... 7
6. Cells short cylindrical with rounded ends, (2.1–) 2.5–3.2 (–3.7) μm × (1.2–) 1.4–1.6 (–1.9) μm....................A. sp. A
- Cells cylindrical with rounded to slightly acuminate ends, 6.1–9.5 μm × 2.1–2.5 μm.....................................A. sp. C
7. Cells widely oval, 8.0–10.5 μm × 5.1–6.5 μm..........................................................................................A. granulosa
- Cells short cylindrical, length:width ratio generally > 2:1 ..........................................................................................7
8. Colonies with distinct, firmly delimited margin; cells 3.8–9.0 μm × 3–5 μm..............................................A. stagnina
- Colonies margin not delimited..................................................................................................................................... 9
9. Colonies microscopic, irregularly oval, with cells widely dispersed in firm, colourless mucilage, not clearly defined at the margins; cells 5.4–8.4 μm × 2.9–3.6 μm................................................................................................ A. sp. B
- Colonies microscopic, amorphous, cells loosely and irregularly arranged; cells (4.0–) 4.5–5.0 (–6.3) μm × 2.9–3.3 (–3.6) μm...............................................................................................................................................................A. sp. D
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